What are the two types of systems for reporting adverse events?

• A. Hybrid and optional
• B. Voluntary only
• C. Mandatory and voluntary
• D. Mandatory only

Answer: (C)

Two primary types of systems exist for reporting adverse events: mandatory reporting and voluntary reporting. Mandatory reporting is required by law or regulation, ensuring certain serious events are documented and reviewed systematically. Voluntary reporting, on the other hand, invites clinicians, patients, manufacturers, and others to submit information about adverse events without a legal obligation, helping to capture a broader range of safety signals.

This combination is why the correct choice is that both mandatory and voluntary systems are used. The option describing only voluntary or only mandatory misses part of the picture, and a descriptor like "hybrid" isn’t the standard classification for safety reporting systems.