Who can file complaints?

• A. Beneficiaries, providers, CMS, OIG, and other sources
• B. Only beneficiaries
• C. Only CMS employees
• D. Only physicians

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that complaints can come from many different people and organizations, not just one group. In real-world CMS compliance and fraud investigations, anyone with a concern can file a complaint: beneficiaries (patients), providers, CMS itself through its channels, the Office of Inspector General, and other sources such as contractors or whistleblowers. The OIG Hotline specifically accepts information from any individual or entity about possible fraud, waste, or abuse, and CMS has its own avenues for reporting program integrity issues. Because of this, the most accurate answer includes all these potential filers.

If you were thinking only beneficiaries, you’d miss legitimate complaints raised by providers or internal watchdogs; if you limit to CMS employees or to physicians, you’d exclude a wide range of possible reporters who notice problems.